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EFT Research Database

Feinstein, D

20 studies by this author

How Tapping Works: Physiological and Psychological Mechanisms in Energy Psychology Treatments

Energy psychology protocols like EFT tapping have shown efficacy in treating PTSD, anxiety, and depression, with over 200 clinical trials supporting their use. Research reveals tapping generates electrochemical signals, modulating brain regions and biomarkers, making it a non-placebo treatment component.

Read more →
Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Systematic Reviews
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, PTSD & Trauma, Serious Disease / Chronic Conditions, Stress Management
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2025

Efficacy of Acupoint Tapping in Treating Trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

This article reviews research on Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT), a method that involves tapping on specific body points. It found that EFT shows promise in helping military veterans recover from trauma and PTSD, reducing symptoms and improving emotional well-being. More research is needed to confirm its benefits and determine the best way to use it.

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Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Systematic Reviews
Topics
PTSD & Trauma, Stress Management, Veterans
Author
Feinstein, D, Hamne, G, Mór, J, Sandström, U
Year
2024

The Real Reasons Energy Psychology Is Proving to Be Durable: Rejoinder to “Acupressure in Psychotherapy as an Unsinkable Rubber Duck: Reply to Feinstein (2023)”

This article defends Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) against criticism, citing recent studies that show it can change brain activity, hormone levels, and even gene expression. It explains that EFT works by helping the brain update and change negative thought patterns, and that this process can be accelerated through tapping on specific body points. The article argues that EFT's effectiveness is supported by scientific evidence, regardless of its connection to traditional energy concepts.

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Level
Theoretical Evidence
Type
EFT Research Perspectives
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2024

Using Energy Psychology to Remediate Emotional Wounds Rooted in Childhood Trauma: Preliminary Clinical Guidelines

This systematic review discusses the development, efficacy, and plausible mechanisms of energy psychology, which combines conventional therapeutic techniques with the stimulation of acupuncture points by tapping on them. Recommendations are offered for using an energy psychology approach at each stage of therapy with individuals who have endured severe or multiple adverse childhood experiences (ACEs).

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Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Systematic Reviews
Topics
ACEs (Adverse Childhood Experiences), EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, Energy Psychology
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2023

Integrating the Manual Stimulation of Acupuncture Points into Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review with Clinical Recommendations

This article reviews the integration into psychotherapy of protocols using the stimulation of acupuncture points by tapping on them, a form of acupressure. The growing evidence base documenting the effectiveness, speed, and durability of the approach appears promising.

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Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Systematic Reviews
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, EFT-Related Treatments / Modalities, Psychotherapy
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2023

The Energy of Energy Psychology

The vague or controversial use of the term energy in the clinical subdiscipline known as “energy psychology” has been an obstacle to the field’s acceptance. This paper discusses five forms of energy and explores the role of each in energy psychology treatments, including Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT).

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Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, Energy Psychology
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2022

Uses of Energy Psychology Following Catastrophic Events

Energy psychology, which combines acupuncture point stimulation with cognitive and therapeutic techniques, has shown strong effectiveness in over 120 clinical trials for treating PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Applied globally in disaster relief, this approach offers immediate stabilization and long-term benefits for trauma survivors, with growing evidence supporting its efficacy in both individual and large-scale settings.

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Level
Theoretical Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, Energy Psychology
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2022

Integrating the Manual Stimulation of Acupuncture Points into Psychotherapy

This article reviews the growing body of research on using acupoint tapping (a form of acupressure) in psychotherapy, highlighting consistent positive outcomes across a wide range of conditions. While acknowledging the need for further research, the evidence suggests tapping is an effective, rapid, and durable therapeutic tool worth integrating into clinical practice.

Read more →
Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Systematic Reviews
Topics
Education, EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, Psychotherapy
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2022

Six Empirically-Supported Premises About Energy Psychology: Mounting Evidence for a Controversial Therapy

This review of 245 peer-reviewed studies on energy psychology, focusing on acupoint tapping protocols, identifies six evidence-based premises: effectiveness in treating various conditions, rapid results, durability of benefits, biological changes supporting subjective improvements, their crucial role in clinical effects, and their ability to modulate brain arousal. A hypothesis suggests that tapping effectively revises maladaptive mental models by creating emotionally intense experiences that contradict outdated expectations, facilitating neural reconsolidation and psychological change.

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Level
Theoretical Evidence
Type
EFT Research Perspectives
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Serious Disease / Chronic Conditions
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2021

Perceptions, Reflections, and Guidelines for Using Energy Psychology: A Distillation of 800+ Surveys and Interviews with Practitioners and Clients

The article summarizes findings from 800 surveys and interviews, highlighting best practices for energy psychology, including establishing a strong therapeutic relationship and tailoring techniques to individual needs. Practitioners and clients reported positive outcomes, such as reduced anxiety and stress, and the article provides guidelines to optimize treatment effectiveness and safety.

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Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
Combining Therapies, Psychotherapy
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2021

Energy Psychology in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorder

Energy psychology, which combines acupuncture point stimulation with cognitive interventions, has demonstrated exceptional speed, impact, and durability in treating various conditions. This chapter discusses its application in addiction recovery, offering targeted strategies for each stage of recovery while explaining how it supports psychological change by influencing brain areas involved in emotional and cognitive processes. Clinical trials and imaging studies highlight its effectiveness as a valuable tool for substance abuse counselling.

Read more →
Level
Preliminary Evidence
Type
Clinical Applications
Topics
Addiction
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2021

Applications of Energy Psychology in Addressing the Psychological Roots of Illness

Energy psychology integrates mind-body approaches, like tapping on acupuncture points combined with psychological techniques, to promote health and healing. It addresses neurological underpinnings of mental states that hinder immune function, emotional factors that exacerbate illness, and inner resources for recovery. Preliminary evidence suggests this method can regulate hyperactive limbic system areas and activate prefrontal cortex regions that support stress management, offering valuable support alongside medical treatments.

Read more →
Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
PTSD & Trauma, Stress Management
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2021

Energy Psychology: Efficacy, Speed, Mechanisms

This review examines the efficacy, speed, and mechanisms of energy psychology, focusing on acupoint tapping techniques used in therapeutic settings. It highlights research supporting rapid and effective treatment outcomes for anxiety, depression, and PTSD while addressing criticisms and proposing explanatory models for its effectiveness.

Read more →
Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, EFT-Related Treatments / Modalities, PTSD & Trauma, Serious Disease / Chronic Conditions, Stress Management
Author
Feinstein, D
Year
2018

Guidelines for the Treatment of PTSD Using Clinical EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques).

The article explores Clinical EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques) as an evidence-based treatment for PTSD, combining acupressure with cognitive and exposure therapies to achieve significant symptom reduction. It presents guidelines for EFT treatment, emphasizing its effectiveness, safety, and adaptability for various populations, including veterans, trauma survivors, and individuals with comorbid conditions.

Read more →
Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
PTSD & Trauma
Author
Boath, E H, Church, D, Feinstein, D, Mackay, D, Mollon, P, Sims, R
Year
2018

Emotional Freedom Techniques to Treat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans: Review of the Evidence, Survey of Practitioners, and Proposed Clinical Guidelines

In this survey, practitioners (63%) reported that even complex PTSD can be remediated in 10 or fewer EFT sessions. Some 65% of practitioners found that more than 60% of PTSD clients are fully rehabilitated, and 89% stated that less than 10% of clients make little or no progress. Practitioners combined EFT with a wide variety of other approaches, especially cognitive therapy. Practitioner responses, evidence from the literature, and the results of a meta-analysis were aggregated into a proposed clinical guideline.

Read more →
Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Systematic Reviews
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, EFT-Related Treatments / Modalities, PTSD & Trauma
Author
Boath, E H, Church, D, Clond, M, Feinstein, D, Stern, S
Year
2017
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