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EFT Research Database

Stapleton, P

42 studies by this author

Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques for Psychological and Physiological Stress Reduction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

This first-of-its-kind systematic review and network meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials (1,000+ participants) found that Clinical EFT produced large reductions in psychological stress—comparable to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy—and small-to-moderate improvements in physiological stress markers. These findings support Clinical EFT as an effective, evidence-based tool for stress reduction, though larger, longer-term studies are needed to confirm how durable the effects are.

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Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Meta-Analyses
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, Stress Management
Author
Stapleton, P, van Elst, A
Year
2026

Clinical EFT for Individuals with Visual Impairment: Effects on Psychological Wellbeing and Subjective Visual Functioning

An 8-week online EFT program significantly improved psychological well-being (anger, anxiety, depression) and vision functioning in individuals with visual impairment, with gains maintained at 6-month follow-up. The EFT group showed sustained improvements compared to the waitlist control group.

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Level
Substantial Evidence
Type
Randomized Controlled Trials
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Depression, Serious Disease / Chronic Conditions, Visual Impairment
Author
Roil, C, Stapleton, P
Year
2026

Theoretical and Clinical Insights into the Psychological Mechanisms and Active Ingredients of Emotional Freedom Techniques

This article proposes a conceptual framework for understanding the active ingredients and mechanisms underlying Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), a mind-body therapy used for trauma and stress-related conditions. EFT combines cognitive, somatic, and exposure elements, and its effectiveness is supported by over 200 studies, including randomized controlled trials.

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Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Science Papers
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, PTSD & Trauma, Stress Management
Author
Schwarz, R, Stapleton, P
Year
2026

About Face: Is Virtual Group Delivery of Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) as Effective as Face-to-Face Group Delivery in Improving Psychological and Physiological Markers of Health?

This study compared virtual group EFT to in-person group EFT and found significant improvements in symptoms for both delivery methods, although in-person EFT showed slightly larger improvements. Virtual EFT demonstrated significant reductions in PTSD, anxiety, depression, pain, and increased happiness, with improvements maintained at six-month follow-up.

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Level
Substantial Evidence
Type
Randomized Controlled Trials
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy
Author
Boath, E H, Church, D, Stapleton, P
Year
2026

Daily Meditation versus Emotional Freedom Techniques: A Pilot Australian Primary School Trial

This pilot study found that both mindfulness meditation and Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) tapping improved self-regulation in 5-year-old children over a three-week period. However, neither intervention significantly impacted happiness or life satisfaction, suggesting that longer intervention periods may be needed.

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Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Pilot Studies
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Stress Management
Author
Blanchard, M, Douglas, A, Stapleton, P
Year
2025

Effectiveness of a Single Emotional Freedom Techniques Session on Facilitating Forgiveness and Mental Health: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This study investigated the effectiveness of one session of Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) in promoting forgiveness and mental health after interpersonal transgressions. Results showed moderate improvements in forgiveness, empathy, mood and anxiety for the EFT group, suggesting its potential role in fostering forgiveness and psychological recovery.

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Level
Substantial Evidence
Type
Randomized Controlled Trials
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Forgiveness
Author
Hsieh, H K, Le Sech, K, Stapleton, P, Toussaint, L
Year
2025

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Emotional Freedom Techniques for Chronic Pain: Live Versus Self-Paced Delivery with 6-month Follow-Up

This randomized clinical trial examined Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) as a pain management strategy for chronic pain sufferers. A six-week EFT program, delivered either online or in person, significantly reduced pain severity, interference, and improved quality of life, with sustained effects at a six-month follow-up. The study emphasizes EFT's potential as an accessible and effective intervention for chronic pain, especially through online programs.

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Level
Substantial Evidence
Type
Randomized Controlled Trials
Topics
Pain / Physical Conditions, Serious Disease / Chronic Conditions
Author
Blanchard, M, McCosker, M, O'Keefe, T, Stapleton, P, Stewart, M, Uechtritz, N, Wilson, C
Year
2025

Case Study: Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) for Burnout

This case study looks at how Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) helped a busy executive manage burnout. The therapy addressed both current work stress and past issues from her childhood. After several sessions, the client felt less anxious, had more energy, and was more emotionally stable. This shows that EFT can be a helpful addition to other stress management techniques.

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Level
Preliminary Evidence
Type
Case Studies
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Quality of Life / Well-being
Author
Stapleton, P
Year
2024

The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms on Chronic Pain

This study aimed to extend previous research on the dynamics between chronic pain, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The results suggest that socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with pain intensity and interference, although the mediation exploration of PTSS was not viable.

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Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Quasi-Experimental Studies
Topics
ACEs (Adverse Childhood Experiences), Pain / Physical Conditions
Author
Freedom, J, Schwarz, R, Stapleton, P, Yang A
Year
2023

Novel Ideas: Evaluation of a Brief Trauma Tapping Training and Single Session Application

This clinical note outlines the Trauma Tapping Technique (TTT) and its effectiveness in treating trauma in a single session. The study found significant reductions in subjective units of distress among clients after one TTT session.

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Level
Preliminary Evidence
Type
Clinical Applications
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, EFT-Related Treatments / Modalities, PTSD & Trauma
Author
Hamne, G, Sandström, U, Stapleton, P
Year
2023

Emotional Freedom Techniques for Treating Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis highlights Clinical EFT's robust efficacy for PTSD. Clinical EFT is a standardised protocol that combines cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and prolonged exposure therapy (PE) techniques with acupressure tapping. It incorporates both cognitive reframing and somatic stimulation (tapping on specific acupoints), aiming to reduce PTSD symptoms.

Read more →
Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Meta-Analyses
Topics
PTSD & Trauma
Author
Ballantyne, P, Church, D, Footman, J, Kip, K, Stapleton, P, Toussaint, L
Year
2023

Neural Changes after Emotional Freedom Techniques Treatment for Chronic Pain Sufferers

This clinical trial investigated the effect of an Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) intervention on brain activation in chronic pain sufferers using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The findings support the effects of the EFT intervention in reducing chronic pain and its impacts.

Read more →
Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Quasi-Experimental Studies
Topics
Pain / Physical Conditions, Serious Disease / Chronic Conditions
Author
Baumann, O, Bhuta, S, O'Keefe, T, Stapleton, P
Year
2022

Skinny Genes’ Six-Week, Online, Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques Program: Durable Weight Loss and Improved Psychological Symptoms   

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a six-week online EFT-based program called Skinny Genes in reducing emotional eating, psychological distress, and weight. Results showed significant decreases in anxiety, depression, and food cravings, with participants losing an average of 12.9 lbs during the program and maintaining weight loss and psychological improvements at a six-month follow-up.

Read more →
Level
Exploratory Evidence
Type
Pilot Studies
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Food Cravings
Author
Church, D, Raynor, D, Stapleton, P
Year
2022

Corrigendum Supports Therapeutic Contribution of Acupoint Tapping to EFT’s Observed Effects      

A meta-analysis examined studies on Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), highlighting that its unique acupoint tapping component actively contributes to its therapeutic effectiveness beyond placebo effects. Despite critiques and corrections to the original analysis, the updated results reaffirmed that acupoint tapping plays a significant role in the clinical success of EFT. 

Read more →
Level
Comprehensive Evidence
Type
Meta-Analyses
Topics
EFT Mechanisms / Efficacy, Psychotherapy
Author
Church, D, Kip, K, Stapleton, P
Year
2022

Effect of Virtual Group EcoMeditation on Psychological Conditions and Flow States

Research has shown that meditation has numerous therapeutic benefits, including reduced anxiety, depression, and psychological distress, as well as improved emotional regulation and mood. EcoMeditation is a new, evidence-based practice that combines elements of mindfulness, Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), and neurofeedback, and has been found to promote relaxation, reduce stress, and increase feelings of compassion and prosocial emotions.

Read more →
Level
Preliminary Evidence
Type
Case Studies, Clinical Applications
Topics
Anxiety / Emotional Distress, Depression, EFT-Related Treatments / Modalities, Heart Rate, Pain / Physical Conditions, PTSD & Trauma, Stress Management
Author
Church, D, Gosatti, O'Keefe, T, Stapleton, P
Year
2022
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EFT International is dedicated to advancing and upholding exemplary standards for education, training, professional development, and the skillful and ethical application of EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques or "Tapping").

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