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EFT International

Advancing EFT Tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques) Worldwide Since 1999

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Use the dropdown navigation below to explore the database of EFT science and research:

Science and Research: Randomized Controlled Trials

A Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) is often regarded as the gold standard in clinical research. It aims to compare a new treatment to an existing treatment, in a completely unbiased way. It does this by assigning subjects to two (or more) existing treatments, in a random way, to evaluate which one works best. A control group, who receive no treatment or a placebo treatment is usually used to compare the efficacy of the treatments being compared.

The randomisation minimises selection bias and the treatment groups allow the researchers to assess which treatments work best. An appropriate population is identified and the subjects are allocated in a way that is unknown to the researchers carrying out the treatments. Please Note: Many RCTs are also conducted as Pilot Studies

Three Techniques Compared for Situational Anxiety for Nursing Students – Turkey

Filed Under: 2018, Academic Performance, Anxiety, Dogan, S, Inangil, D, Korpe, G, Randomized Controlled Trials, Stress, Vural, P I

The comparison of three different techniques on situational anxiety and vital signs of nursing students before the OSCE exam. A randomised controlled trial.   Citation: Vural P, Inangil D, Korpe G, Dogan S. (2018) The comparison of three different techniques on situational anxiety and vital signs of nursing students before the OSCE exam. A randomised […]

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EFT and Breathing Awareness to Reduce Childbirth Fear – An RCT

Filed Under: 2019, Anxiety, Aslan E, Childbirth, Panic Disorders, Randomized Controlled Trials, Stress, Vural, P I

Emotional freedom techniques and breathing awareness to reduce childbirth fear: A randomized controlled study June 12, 2019 Citation: Vural P.I., Aslan, E., Emotional freedom techniques and breathing awareness to reduce childbirth fear: A randomized controlled study, Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, Volume 35, 2019, 224-231, ISSN 1744-3881. Link to original paper and abstract: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.02.011 The […]

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Food Craving and Weight Management Using EFT – An RCT

Filed Under: 2019, Carter, B, Eating Disorders, Food Cravings, Mackintosh G, Randomized Controlled Trials, Roos T, Sabot, D, Sparenburg E, Stapleton, P, Weight Loss

Online Delivery of Emotional Freedom Techniques in the Treatment of Food Cravings and Weight Management: A Randomised Controlled Trial December 17, 2019 Citation: Stapleton P, Roos T, Mackintosh G, Sparenburg E, Sabot D, Carter B. Online Delivery of Emotional Freedom Techniques in the Treatment of Food Cravings and Weight Management: A Randomised Controlled Trial. OBM […]

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Online EFT for Food Cravings and Weight Control 2 Year Follow Up

Filed Under: 2019, Addiction, Eating Disorders, Food Cravings, Lily-Hale E, Mackintosh G, Obesity, Randomized Controlled Trials, Sparenburg E, Stapleton, P, Weight Loss

Online Delivery of Emotional Freedom Techniques for Food Cravings and Weight Management: 2-Year Follow-Up December 2, 2019 Citation: Online Delivery of Emotional Freedom Techniques for Food Cravings and Weight Management: 2-Year Follow-Up Stapleton, P., Lilley-Hale, E., Mackintosh, G., and Sparenburg, E., J Altern Complement Med. 2019 Nov 25. doi: 10.1089/acm.2019.0309 Full PDF of paper available […]

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Neural Changes in Overweight Adults with Food Cravings using EFT

Filed Under: 2019, Buchan C, Carter B, Carter, B, EFT Mechanisms, Food Cravings, Gorton P, McGrath Y, Mitchell I, Obesity, Randomized Controlled Trials, Stapleton, P, Weight Loss

An Initial Investigation of Neural Changes in Overweight Adults with Food Cravings after Emotional Freedom Techniques February 27, 2019 Food Cravings and Weight Loss Citation: Stapleton P, Buchan C, Mitchell I, McGrath Y, Gorton P, Carter B. An Initial Investigation of Neural Changes in Overweight Adults with Food Cravings after Emotional Freedom Techniques. OBM Integrative […]

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Portion Perfection and Emotional Freedom Techniques to Assist Bariatric Patients Post Surgery: A Randomised Control Trial

Filed Under: 2020, Carter, B, Clark, A, Food Cravings, Leech, K, Randomized Controlled Trials, Sabot, D, Stapleton, P, Weight Loss

Although significant health improvements are indicated from weight-loss following bariatric surgery, many individuals are unable to lose weight or maintain their weight-loss. The current study aimed to assess whether post-surgery care comprising Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), an emerging energy psychology intervention, combined with a behaviour-based nutrition and portion control eating plan in an online self-guided delivery would aid weight-loss and maintenance in bariatric patients.

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Effectiveness of Music Therapy and Emotional Freedom Technique on Test Anxiety in Turkish Nursing Students: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Filed Under: 2020, Academic Performance, Anxiety, Dogan, S, Inangil, D, Korpe, G, Nursing, Randomized Controlled Trials, Stress, Vural, P I

The study compared the effects of EFT and music therapy on nursing students taking clinical exams in Turkey. 90 students were randomly assigned to one of three groups (MUSIC, EFT, CONTROL). The study aimed to assess the effects of music, EFT and no intervention on situational anxiety and physiological measures. The study showed that both music and EFT had reduced the situational anxiety significantly (p < .05). The changes in mean vital signs were not universally significant, although there were some shifts.

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Re-examining the Effect of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Stress Biochemistry: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Filed Under: 2020, Crighton, G, ONeill, H M, Randomized Controlled Trials, Sabot, D, Stapleton, P

The present results indicated the EFT group experienced a significant decrease in cortisol greater than the original study (-43.24%, p < .05), but these results were not mirrored by subjective reports of psychological distress. The EFT group reduction in cortisol was significantly different from that of the PE group (-19.67%), and as expected, the posttreatment cortisol level detected among the EFT group was lower than that of the NT group (2.02%); however, there was not a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. Additionally, there were no significant improvements in cortisol reduction among the NT and PE groups. Findings support the original study indicating EFT to be an efficient and effective brief treatment for reducing biological markers of stress. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

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Epigenetic Effects of PTSD Remediation in Veterans Using Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Filed Under: 2018, Church, D, Fox, L, Nelms, J, Pilot Studies, PTSD & Trauma, Rachlin, K, Randomized Controlled Trials, Stress, Veterans, Yount, G

Study results identify candidate gene expression correlates of successful PTSD treatment, providing guidelines for the design of further studies aimed at exploring the epigenetic effects of EFT…

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Thought Field Therapy (TFT) as a Treatment For Anxiety Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Filed Under: 2012, Anxiety, Dammen T, EFT-Related Modalities, Hoffart, A, Irgens A, Nysaeter T E, Randomized Controlled Trials, TFT (Thought Field Therapy)

To investigate whether thought field therapy (TFT) has an impact on anxiety symptoms in patients with a variety of anxiety disorders… Forty-five patients were randomized to either TFT (n = 23) or a waiting list (n = 22) condition. The wait-list group was reassessed and compared with the TFT group two and a half months after the initial evaluation. After the reassessment, the wait-list patients received treatment with TFT. All 45 patients were followed up one to two weeks after TFT treatment, as well as at three and 12 months after treatment…

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Investigation on Emotional Freedom Technique Effectiveness in Diabetic Patients’ Blood Sugar Control

Filed Under: 2014, Ahadi, H, Hajloo, M, Mojembari, A K, Randomized Controlled Trials, Rezabakhsh, H., Serious Disease

Chronic diseases are a major cause of death and illness in the world and diabetics is in sixth rank. As Harati (2009) noted the prevalence of 2nd type diabetes in Iran has accelerated so that more than 1 percent of Iranians over age 20 are affected by it each year. The present study is done in order to improve glycemic control in diabetic patients, reducing the need for costly medical services and enhance their mental health and remove the burdens of the patients and the community…

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Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) for Stress in Students: A Randomized Controlled Dismantling Study

Filed Under: 2015, Randomized Controlled Trials, Rogers, R, Sears, S, Stress

Previous studies have demonstrated that Clinical EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques) is an evidence-based method that relieves stress and a variety of psychological conditions… The goal of the current study was to determine whether or not EFT could quickly reduce stress symptoms in college students, and to compare the efficacy of acupoint stimulation to the stimulation of sham points. Participants were 56 university students…

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Randomised Controlled Study Comparing Two Psychological Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) vs. Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET)

Filed Under: 2015, Al-Hadethe, A, Al-Qaysi, G, EFT-Related Modalities, Hunt, N, PTSD & Trauma, Randomized Controlled Trials, Thomas, S, Veterans

Randomised Controlled Study Comparing Two Psychological Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) Vs. Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET)…

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Efficacy of Two Evidence-Based Therapies, Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for the Treatment of Gender Violence in the Congo: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Filed Under: 2015, Gender, Nemiro, A, Papworth, S, PTSD & Trauma, Randomized Controlled Trials

Psychological trauma in the aftermath of sexual violence is a persistent problem in both developing and developed nations, and appropriate treatment techniques are needed to address the special needs of this population. The objective of this study was to assess whether two evidence-based therapeutic methods for PTSD, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), are efficacious for sexual gender-based violence (SGBV)…

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Is Acupoint Stimulation an Active Ingredient in Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT): A Controlled Trial of Teacher Burnout

Filed Under: 2015, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reynolds, A E, Stress

EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques) has been the subject of much research over the past decade, with many studies of conditions such as PTSD, anxiety, and depression showing significant treatment effects. In addition to elements drawn from established cognitive and exposure therapies, EFT uses the manual stimulation of acupuncture points (acupressure) through fingertip tapping. This study investigated the utility of EFT to address professional burnout in a population of school teachers… The results are consistent with earlier dismantling studies and indicate that acupoint tapping is an active ingredient in the therapeutic results obtained from EFT and not a placebo…

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